Sɛ́ afiri titiriw a wɔde susuw ahoɔden a wɔde di dwuma wɔ AC circuits a ɛwɔ fase biako mu no, ahoɔden mita ahorow a ɛwɔ fase biako mu no de anyinam ahoɔden induction, ɛlɛtrɔnik susuw, ne mfiri a wɔde fa nneɛma a ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ mfiridwuma bom. Ɛdenam nyansahu mu adansi nhyehyɛe so no, wonya ahoɔden susuw pɛpɛɛpɛ.
Amanne kwan so electromechanical single-phase ahoɔden mita ahorow no gyina mmara a ɛfa electromagnetic induction ho so na ɛyɛ adwuma. Sɛ wɔde adesoa current ne voltage ma mprempren coil ne voltage coil no a, ɛma magnetic flux a ɛsesa wɔ aluminium turntable no so. Sɛnea Faraday nnyinasosɛm a ɛfa electromagnetic induction ho kyerɛ no, magnetic flux a ɛresakra no ma eddy currents ba turntable no mu. Nkitahodi a ɛda eddy currents ne magnetic flux ntam no ma karka torque ba, na ɛma turntable no tu. Bere koro no ara mu no, magnetic field a ɛkɔ so daa a breki magnet no de ba no twa magnetic ahoɔden nhama a ɛwɔ turntable no kankyee mu no mu, na ɛma breki ahoɔden a ɛne ahoɔhare a ɛkyinkyini no hyia. Awiei koraa no, eyi hwɛ hu sɛ turntable no ahoɔhare ne adesoa ahoɔden no hyia pɛpɛɛpɛ. Gear transmission mechanism dane turntable no ahoɔhare a ɛkyinkyini no ma ɛbɛyɛ mita akenkan, na ɛma wotumi susuw ahoɔden a wɔaboaboa ano.
Nnɛyi ɛlɛtrɔnik ahoɔden mita a ɛwɔ fa biako-fase biako mu no de afrafra analog-digital nhyehyɛe di dwuma. Voltage sampling circuit no de resistor divider network di dwuma de nya sɛnkyerɛnne ketewaa bi a ɛne input voltage no hyia. Mprempren nhwɛsode de manganese-kɔbere shunt anaa mprempren transformer di dwuma de dannan mprempren kɛse bi ma ɛbɛyɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ketewaa bi. Bere a wɔde analog-to-digital converter (ADC) dan analog voltage ne current signals no kɔ dijitaal values akyi no, microcontroller (MCU) yɛ real-bere akontabuo a egyina instantaneous power equation (P=UIcosφ) so na ɛde accumulation algorithm di dwuma de bu ahoɔden boɔ no. Key circuitry no bi ne high-precision reference source a ɛbɛma sampling no yɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ, low-pass filter a ɛbɛma high-frequency interference afi hɔ, ne digital signal processor (DSP) a ɛbɛma kɔmputa so adwumayɛ atu mpɔn.
Mfomso akatua yɛ nhyehyɛe mu asɛm titiriw: ɔhyew akatua circuit teɛteɛ nkɛntɛnso a ambient temperature nya wɔ resistor afã horow so, wɔde phase compensation akwan di dwuma de yi inherent phase nsonsonoe wɔ voltage ne current sampling channels mu, na wɔde software algorithms di dwuma de siesie hann-adesoa su ne linearity deviations. Anti-creep nhyehyeɛ de magnetic flux compensation di dwuma wɔ voltage circuit anaa electronic zero-current detection mu de siw susudua a ɛnteɛ ano wɔ bere a no-adesoa tebea biara nni mu.
Ɛnam sɛ wɔreyɛ smart grids nti, ahoɔden mita foforɔ a ɛwɔ fase baako-fase no reka wireless nkitahodiɛ module, ahobanbɔ encryption chips, ne multi{1}}rate metering tumi abom. Bere a wɔkura mita nnyinasosɛm atitiriw no mu no, wɔrenya nkɔso akɔ pɛpɛɛpɛyɛ a ɛkorɔn ne adwumayɛ a nyansa wom mu.